多边对等交换
多边对等交换 (MLPE) 通过路由服务器自动实现开放网络之间的对等连接，从而使新的对等网络和现有参与者受益。
MLPE包括：
- 支持 IPv4 和 IPv6 单播路由
- 每个位置都配备冗余路由服务器
- 使用互联网路由注册表 (IRR) 表实现对虚假路由和参与者通告的过滤。
- 透明地移除 MLPE ASN 跳转
- BGP MD5 认证
- 基于 BGP 社区的路由通告和 AS 预置过滤
多边对等互连的工作原理
- 双边对等互连和多边对等互连共享相同的 VLAN 和 IP。
- 对等互联客户与 Equinix 冗余 MLPE 服务器建立 eBGP 会话。
- 您与 MLPE 服务器交换路由。
- MLPE 服务器使用互联网路由注册数据库 (IRRDB) 和资源公钥基础设施 (RPKI) 来过滤这些路由。
请求MLPE参与
申请参与MLPE：
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请输入您组织的 AS-Set。您可以选择使用 MD5 加密的安全会话，还可以使用自由文本框输入特殊要求。
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每个区域都已展开，以帮助您选择与所列位置建立对等连接的端口 IP 地址。允许连接多个位置。
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点击提交MLPE请求。
要申请和管理您的 MLPE 参与，请登录 客户门户 并点击申请 MLPE 参与。
更多详情，请点击MLPE 信息。
MLPE路由服务器BGP社区
所有 Equinix 多边对等交换 (MLPE) 路由服务器都允许参与者使用边界网关协议 (BGP) 社区来更好地控制其路由的出站通告。您可以允许或拒绝所有路由，并可设置例外情况；此外，您还可以允许在路由名称前添加最多 3 次 ASN。
**提示：**使用 MLPE 服务时，BGP 社区并非强制性的。但是，大型对等体通常会使用 BGP 社区来避免通过 MLPE 传输来自其他大型对等体的流量。
以下部分包括社区信息和Cisco配置示例。
信息和对等操作社区（由 MLPE 路由服务器发送给对等方）
| Community | Description | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 24115:65012 | RPKI Valid | |
| 24115:65023 | RPKI Unknown | |
| 65535:65281 | No Export | RFC1997 |
| 65535:65282 | No Advertise | RFC1997 |
| 24115:1000:1 | RPKI Valid | |
| 24115:1000:2 | RPKI Unknown | |
| 24115:1000:3 | RPKI Not Checked | |
| 24115:1001:1 | IRRDB Valid | Prefix exists in IRRDB (ASN or AS-SET) |
| 24115:1001:2 | IRRDB Not Checked | Static Prefix List |
| 24115:1002:RSN | Route Server Tracer | Route Server Marker |
| 24115:1003:MS | Peer Round Trip Time | Milliseconds |
| 24115:1004:ASN | Incoming Peer ASN |
运营社区（由 MLPE 路由服务器从参与者处接收）
| Community | Description | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 24115:65281-65283 | No Export | RFC1997 |
| 65535:65281-65283 | No Export | RFC1997 |
| 24115:24115 | Default Open Policy | Announce to all peers |
| 0:24115 | Default Closed Policy | Do not announce to any peers |
| 24115:24115 0:ASN | Default Open except for ASN | Announce to all peers except ASN |
| 0:24115 24115:ASN | Default Closed Policy except for ASN | Do not announce to any peers except ASN |
| 65535:0 | Graceful Shutdown | RFC8326 |
| 65535:666 | RTBH Prefix | RFC7999 |
| 65501:24115 | Prepend 24115 1x to Prefix | Prepend AS24115 to Path |
| 65501:ASN | Prepend 1x to Neighbor ASN | Prepend Peer AS to Path |
| 65502:ASN | Prepend 2x to Neighbor ASN | Prepend Peer AS to Path |
| 65503:ASN | Prepend 3x to Neighbor ASN | Prepend Peer AS to Path |
| 65001:40 | Local Preference 40 | |
| 65001:50 | Local Preference 50 | |
| 65001:140 | Local Preference 140 | |
| 65001:150 | Local Preference 150 | |
| RT:0:ASN | Default Open Except for ASN | Announce to all peers except ASN |
| RT:24115:ASN | Allow Export to ASN | Announce only to ASN |
| RT:65501:ASN | Prepend Peer ASN 1x to Neighbor ASN | |
| RT:65502:ASN | Prepend Peer ASN 2x to Neighbor ASN | |
| RT:65503:ASN | Prepend Peer ASN 3x to Neighbor ASN | |
| 24115:1:24115 | Default Open Policy | Announce to all peers |
| 24115:0:24115 | Default Closed Policy | Do not announce to any peers |
| 24115:0:ASN | No Export to ASN | Do not Advertise to Neighbor ASN |
| 24115:1:ASN | Allow Export to ASN | Advertise to Neighbor ASN |
| 24115:2:MS | No Export to Neighbors above MS | 5ms increment from 5ms to 200ms |
| 24115:101:ASN | Prepend 1x to Neighbor ASN | Prepend Peer AS to Path |
| 24115:102:ASN | Prepend 2x to Neighbor ASN | Prepend Peer AS to Path |
| 24115:103:ASN | Prepend 3x to Neighbor ASN | Prepend Peer AS to Path |
| 24115:111:MS | Prepend 1x for Latency above MS | 5ms increment from 5ms to 200ms |
| 24115:112:MS | Prepend 2x for Latency above MS | 5ms increment from 5ms to 200ms |
| 24115:113:MS | Prepend 3x for Latency above MS | 5ms increment from 5ms to 200ms |
已筛选的信息社区（仅在 IX Portal 的 Looking Glass 中显示）
| Community | Description | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 24115:1101:1 | Prefix Length too long | Maximum Length IPv4: 24, IPv6: 64 |
| 24115:1101:2 | Prefix Length too short | Minimum Length IPv4: 24, IPv6: 64 (RTBH only) |
| 24115:1101:3 | Bogon Prefix | Cymru IPv4 and IPv6 bogons |
| 24115:1101:4 | Bogon ASN in Path | Bogon ASN in Path |
| 24115:1101:5 | AS Path too long | IPv4: 24, IPv6: 64 |
| 24115:1101:6 | AS Path too short | IPv4: 0, IPv6: 0 |
| 24115:1101:7 | Invalid First ASN | First AS in Path not Peer AS |
| 24115:1101:8 | Invalid Next Hop Address | Next Hop address is not Peer Address |
| 24115:1101:9 | IRRDB Prefix not found | Prefix was not found in Peer ASN or AS-SET |
| 24115:1101:13 | RPKI Invalid | Invalid ROA, Origin AS, and/or Prefix Length |
| 24115:1101:20 | AS Loop | AS Loop in Path |
| 24115:1102:1 | Advertising Peer declines Prefix | Advertising Peer Policy excludes Recipient Peer |
使用 BGP 团体的示例配置
默认打开，但 AS10、AS20 和 AS30 除外
router bgp 40
neighbor 202.79.197.126 remote-as 24115
neighbor 202.79.197.126 route-map eqixsg-in in
neighbor 202.79.197.126 route-map eqixsg-out out
# set default-open community on outbound and
# set communities to restrict annoucnements from AS10, 20 and 30.
route-map eqixsg-out permit 10
set community 24115:24115 0:10 0:20 0:30
# reject routes received from AS 10, 20 and 30
route-map eqixsg-in deny 10
match as-path 10
ip as-path access-list 10 permit ^10_
ip as-path access-list 10 permit ^20_
ip as-path access-list 10 permit ^30_
默认关闭，AS10、AS20 和 AS100030 除外
router bgp 40
neighbor 202.79.197.126 remote-as 24115
neighbor 202.79.197.126 route-map eqixsg-in in
neighbor 202.79.197.126 route-map eqixsg-out out
# set default-closed community on outbound and
# set communities on announcements to AS10, AS20, and AS100030
route-map eqixsg-out permit 10
set community 0:24115 24115:10 24115:20 24115:30
set extcommunity rt 0:100030
# accept routes from AS10, AS20, and AS100030
route-map eqixsg-in permit 10
match as-path 10
ip as-path access-list 10 permit ^10_
ip as-path access-list 10 permit ^20_
ip as-path access-list 10 permit ^100030_
本地路线覆盖所有人，国际路线仅限往返 AS10 和 AS100020。
router bgp 40
neighbor 202.79.197.126 remote-as 24115
neighbor 202.79.197.126 route-map eqixsg-in in
neighbor 202.79.197.126 route-map eqixsg-out out
# announce local routes with default open community
route-map eqixsg-out permit 10
match community 40:4000 # local routes
set community 24115:24115
# announce international routes with default closed community
# and community to announce to AS10 and AS100020 only
route-map eqixsg-out permit 20
match community 40:5000 # international routes
set community 0:24115 24115:10
set extcommunity rt 24115:100020
在 AS10 前添加 AS40 1x，在 AS20 前添加 AS40 2x，在 AS100030 前添加 AS40 3x
router bgp 40
neighbor 202.79.197.126 remote-as 24115
neighbor 202.79.197.126 route-map eqixsg-in in
neighbor 202.79.197.126 route-map eqixsg-out out
route-map eqixsg-out permit 10
set community 65501:10 65502:20
set extcommunity rt 65503:100030
遥控触发黑洞
# signals to MLPE route-servers to set next-hop as Black Hole host for configured network/host
router bgp 40
network 1.1.1.1 mask 255.255.255.255
neighbor 202.79.197.126 remote-as 24115
neighbor 202.79.197.126 route-map RM-RTBH-OUT out
neighbor 202.79.197.126 send-community
route-map RM-RTBH-OUT permit 10
match ip address prefix-list PL-RTBH-OUT
set community 65535:666
ip prefix-list PL-RTBH-OUT seq 10 permit 1.1.1.1/32
ip route 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 Null0